We often encounter the problem that the air inside a closed room or place is inadequate for health, either due to its temperature, excessive humidity conditions or its impurity. Therefore, it is necessary to replace this ambient air with one of better quality.
Adequate ventilation is essential for people’s well-being and comfort and, in addition, ensures the health of operators in workplaces or families at home, also providing them with optimal conditions to carry out their tasks, such as, for example, smoke vent for the kitchen area.
Indoor air quality can be improved by removing or injecting a fresh one. In this way, it is possible to provide cleaning in the air that is breathed, control humidity and possible concentrations of gases or elements harmful to health, and of course, obtain good thermal conditioning.
And to ensure that this ventilation is effective, it is necessary to consider the function that you want to perform, the calculation of the amount of air to be replaced, and indicate the air circulation path. Various ventilation techniques allow these objectives to be achieved.
Natural ventilation
In natural ventilation systems without fans, air renewal occurs exclusively by the wind’s action or by the existence of a temperature gradient between the point of entry and the point of exit.
Many companies and homes do not consider this type of ventilation system, as they do not guarantee minimum ventilation rates.
Forced or mechanical ventilation
It is done through some mechanical device types, such as fans, heating devices, air conditioners, extractors, etc. This form of air renewal can be:
1. Overpressure ventilation
It is achieved with injector devices that introduce air from the outside to the premises’ interior, leaving openings so that inadequate air can escape. The phenomenon that occurs is that the air coming from the outside has a higher pressure than the inside, producing a current that allows it to flow towards the external area of the building.
2. Depression ventilation
In this case, the air is renewed using its extraction with extracting devices, leaving a place for the outside air. Therefore, a difference in atmospheric pressure is created, causing the air from the outside to push all the air inside out of the home through the mechanical devices.
3. Smoke ventilation
It comes in two forms:
a) Localized smoke vent
Smoke or polluted air is absorbed in the same place where it is being produced, which prevents it from spreading through the rest of the room. It is usually achieved with the use of hoods that extract the air and take it outside. It is important to have the point where the contaminated air arises well located to attract it to the hood and move it outside.
b) General smoke vent
The new air that enters is diffused throughout the interior so that smoke or contaminated air can escape. To correctly install the extractors, it is necessary to know what type of activities are carried out in these premises, since it would not be the same for a home as for a restaurant.
4. Controlled mechanical ventilation
It allows improving the ambient air of entire homes, apartment buildings, or commercial premises. In this case, resources can be introduced that reduce energy expenditure.
